Activity 15 Volcanoes

 

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THE WORLD MAP

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TECTONIC PLATE MAP

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The arrows show the type of plate

boundaries present in the country.

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QUESTIONS

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╰┈➤ What part of the world that

you expect volcanoes are formed?

 

╰┈➤ What part of the world when no presence of

volcanoes and mountains are expected and why?

 

╰┈➤ What part in the world where the

most numbers of volcanoes are present and why? 

 

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ANSWERS

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╰┈➤ Places that is in the belt or also known as the “Ring of Fire” that encircles the Pacific Ocean. 

╰┈➤ Venezuela. This is because the Earth's crust is broken into a series of slabs known as tectonic plates. Some volcanoes, like those that form the Hawaiian Islands, occur in the interior of plates at areas called “hot spots.”

╰┈➤ Indonesia is the country that contains the most active volcanoes of all countries in the world. The Eurasian Plate, Pacific Plate and Indo-Australian Plate are three active tectonic plates that cause the subduction zones that form these volcanoes.

Activy 14| Types of plate boundaries

3 Types of Plate Boundaries 

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01 CONVERGENT

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╰┈➤ The first type of plate boundary is convergent boundaries. A convergent plate boundary is where one of the tectonic plates submerge under the other. This could happen with multiple plates but in the diagrams shown there are only two.

╰┈➤When the ocean plate is pushed under the continent plate and goes into the mantle. The area of the plate going into the mantle is called the subduction zone.

    Finally when the continent plate is pushed up onto the ocean plate it creates a very significant subduction trench along the shore and a mountain range on top.

╰┈➤When an ocean plate is pushed under another ocean plates it goes right into the mantle and also has a subduction zone.

   ╰┈➤ Also when these plates converge a trench is created underwater. 

╰┈➤When two continental plates push into each other neither of them submerge instead the crust tends to push upwards or sideways. When pushed upwards it creates mountain ranges and high plateaus.

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02 DIVERGENT

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╰┈➤ Places where plates are coming apart are called divergent boundaries.

╰┈➤As shown in the picture, when Earth's brittle surface layer (the lithosphere) is pulled apart, it typically breaks along parallel faults that tilt slightly outward from each other. As the plates separate along the boundary, the block between the faults cracks and drops down into the soft, plastic interior (the asthenosphere).

╰┈➤The sinking of the block forms a central valley called a rift. Magma (liquid rock) seeps upward to fill the cracks. In this way, new crust is formed along the boundary. Earthquakes occur along the faults, and volcanoes form where the magma reaches the surface.

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03 TRANSFORM

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╰┈➤Two plates sliding past each other forms a transform plate boundary.

╰┈➤One of the most famous transform plate boundaries occurs at the San Andreas fault zone, which extends underwater.

╰┈➤Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offset—split into pieces and carried in opposite directions. Rocks that line the boundary are pulverized as the plates grind along, creating a linear fault valley or undersea canyon. Earthquakes are common along these faults. In contrast to convergent and divergent boundaries, crust is cracked and broken at transform margins, but is not created or destroyed.